Funkcije za besedilo

To poglavje vsebuje opise funkcij za besedilo.

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Vstavi – Funkcija – Kategorija Besedilo


Raba dvojnih narekovajev v formulah

Če želite v formulo vključiti besedilni niz, ga postavite med dva dvojna narekovaja (") in Calc povzame znake v nizu brez interpretacije. Primer: formula ="Žive naj vsi narodi!" prikaže besedilni niz Žive naj vsi narodi! v celici brez obkrožajočih dvojnih narekovajev.

Kompleksnejša formula =CONCATENATE("Življenje je resnično enostavno, "; "vendar vztrajamo, da ga naredimo zapletenega "; "(Konfucij).") spoji tri posamezne nize v narekovajih, tako da vrne Življenje je resnično enostavno, vendar vztrajamo, da ga naredimo zapletenega (Konfucij).

Če želite v niz v formuli vstaviti dvojni narekovaj, sta na voljo dva načina:

  1. Dvojni narekovaj lahko podate z ubežnimi znaki, tako da dodate dvojni narekovaj, Calc pa obravnava takšen ubežen narekovaj kot dobesedno vrednost. Primer: formula ="Ime mi je ""Janez Novak""." vrne niz Ime mi je "Janez Novak". Še en enostaven primer: formula =UNICODE(""""), ki vrne 34, desetiško vrednost znaka Unicode za narekovaj (U+0022) — tukaj prvi in četrti dvojni narekovaj nakazujeta začetek in konec niza, drugi dvojni narekovaj pa ubeži tretjega.

  2. Uporabite lahko funkcijo CHAR ali funkcijo UNICHAR, da vstavite dvojni narekov. Primer: formula =UNICHAR(34) & "Varuh v rži" & UNICHAR(34) & " je sloviti roman J. D. Salingerja." izpiše niz "Varuh v rži" je sloviti roman J. D. Salingerja.

Upoštevajte, da lahko funkcija Samopopravki modula Calc dvojne narekovaje spremeni. Samopopravki ne smejo spreminjati dvojnih narekovajev v celicah, lahko pa spremenijo tiste, uporabljene v celicah brez formul, ki vsebujejo besedilo. Primer: če kopirate niz, ki ga obkroža druga tipografska vrsta dvojnih narekovajev, kot sta npr. levi dvojni narekovaj (U+201C) in desni dvojni narekovaj (U+201D), in ga nato prilepite v celico s formulo, lahko pride do napake. Odprite področje Dvojni narekovaji v pogovornem oknu Orodja — Možnosti samopopravkov — Posebnosti jezika, da določite znake, ki bodo samodejno popravili začetne in končne tipografske dvojne narekovaje. Prekličite potrditev možnosti Zamenjaj, da onemogočite to funkcijo.

Empty string and blank cells

Cells with the empty string ("") are not equivalent to blank cells. When searching or calculating with text, the empty string "" is the text with length zero.

For example, when the formula in A1 returns the empty string "", the following applies:

=ISBLANK(A1) returns FALSE. The cell is not blank.

=ISFORMULA(A1) returns TRUE. The cell is a formula.

=ISLOGICAL(A1) returns FALSE. Not a logical value.

=ISNONTEXT(A1) returns FALSE. The cell has the empty string.

=ISNUMBER(A1) returns FALSE. Not a number.

=ISTEXT(A1) returns TRUE. The cell has the empty string, calculated by a formula.

=LEN(A1) returns 0. The length of the empty string is 0.

ARABIC

Vrne številsko vrednost, ki ustreza rimskemu številu, izraženem v besedilni obliki.

ASC

Pretvori znake dveh bajtov (polne širine) v znake enojnega bajta (polovične širine) ASCII in znake katakana.

BAHTTEXT

Converts a number to Thai text, including the Thai currency names.

BASE

Converts a positive integer to a specified base into a text from the numbering system. The digits 0-9 and the letters A-Z are used.

CHAR

Converts a number into a character according to the current code table. The number can be a two-digit or three-digit integer number.

CLEAN

All non-printing characters are removed from the string.

CODE

Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string.

CONCATENATE

Combines several text strings into one string.

DECIMAL

Converts text that represents a number in a numeral system with the given base radix to a positive integer. The radix must be in the range 2 to 36. Spaces and tabs are ignored. The Text field is not case-sensitive.

DOLLAR

Converts a number to a string representing the amount in the currency format, rounded to a specified decimal places, using the decimal separator that corresponds to the current locale setting. In the Value field enter the number to be converted. Optionally, you may enter the number of decimal places in the Decimals field. If no value is specified, all numbers in currency format will be displayed with two decimal places.

EXACT

Compares two text strings and returns TRUE if they are identical. This function is case-sensitive.

FIND

Returns the position of a string of text within another string.You can also define where to begin the search. The search term can be a number or any string of characters. The search is case-sensitive.

FIXED

Returns a number as text with a specified number of decimal places and optional thousands separators.

JIS

Pretvori eno-bajtne znake ASCII ali katakana (polovične širine) v dvo-bajtne znake polne širine.

LEFT

Returns the first character or characters of a text.

LEFTB

Returns the first characters of a DBCS text.

LEN

Returns the length of a string including spaces.

LENB

For double-byte character set (DBCS) languages, returns the number of bytes used to represent the characters in a text string.

LOWER

Converts all uppercase letters in a text string to lowercase.

MID

Returns a text string of a text. The parameters specify the starting position and the number of characters.

MIDB

Returns a text string of a DBCS text. The parameters specify the starting position and the number of characters.

PROPER

Capitalizes the first letter in all words of a text string.

REGEX

Najde zadetke s pomočjo regularnih izrazov in po potrebi zamenja besedilo.

REPLACE

Replaces part of a text string with a different text string. This function can be used to replace both characters and numbers (which are automatically converted to text). The result of the function is always displayed as text. If you intend to perform further calculations with a number which has been replaced by text, you will need to convert it back to a number using the VALUE function.

REPT

Repeats a character string by the given number of copies.

RIGHT

Returns the last character or characters of a text.

RIGHTB

Returns the last character or characters of a text with double bytes characters sets (DBCS).

ROMAN

Arabska števila spremeni v rimska. Vrednost števila mora biti med 0 in 3999, pri načinu pa lahko uporabite cela števila med 0 in 4.

SEARCH

Returns the position of a text segment within a character string. You can set the start of the search as an option. The search text can be a number or any sequence of characters. The search is not case-sensitive. If the text is not found, returns error 519 (#VALUE).

SUBSTITUTE

Substitutes new text for old text in a string.

T

This function returns the target text, or a blank text string if the target is not text.

TEXT

Converts a value into text according to a given format.

TRIM

Removes spaces from a string, leaving only a single space character between words.

UNICHAR

Converts a code number into a Unicode character or letter.

UNICODE

Returns the numeric code for the first Unicode character in a text string.

UPPER

Converts the string specified in the text field to uppercase.

VALUE

Pretvori zapis števila kot niza v numerično obliko. Če je podani niz veljaven datum, čas ali datum-čas, vrne ustrezno serijsko število datum/čas.

WEBSERVICE

Vrne spletno vsebino z naslova URI.

FILTERXML

Uporabi izraz XPath na dokumentu XML.

ENCODEURL

Vrne v zapis URL kodiran niz.